Differences in the relationship between pack-years and lung function measures by genetic ancestry and race/ethnicity were tested in full multivariable models using the –2 log likelihood test of nested models with and without the interaction terms on an additive scale for lung function and lung density and a multiplicative scale for airflow obstruction. Sensitivity analyses were performed on the converse scales. As race and PCs of ancestry are collinear, they were not included in the same models; rather, two separate sets of analyses were performed. All models met the assumptions for linear and logistic regression, respectively. Presented results are untransformed. Statistical significance was defined as two-tailed p values <0.05. Analyses were performed using SAS V.9.2 (SAS Institute, Cary, North Carolina, USA).
Overall performance
Among 3344 players from inside the spirometry analyses using mind-stated race, 35% was indeed low-Hispanic Caucasian, 26% African-Western, 22% Hispanic and 17% Chinese-American. The backdrop away from Latina members are 51% North american country, 14% Puerto Rican, 14% Dominican, 4% Cuban and you can 17% other history. This new imply many years are 66 decades; 48% had been male victims. In every, 11% was indeed most recent cigarette smokers and you can forty-five% previous cigarette smokers, having a median out of 18 prepare-years of cigarette (IQR 6, 36) one of actually-cigarette smokers.
Participant qualities about spirometry analysis are offered inside desk 1. Many years and you may sex distributions have been similar round the race/ethnic communities.